Electrocardiographic measurement of infarct size after thrombolytic therapy

Objectives. We examined the utility of the 32-point QRS score from the 12-lead electrocardiogram (EGG) for measurement of the ischemic risk region and infarct size in patients receiving thrombolytic therapy. Background. The QRS score offers a means of evaluating the therapeutic benefit of thrombolytic therapy by comparing final infarct size with the initial extent of ischemic myocardium. Methods. The study included 38 patients (34 men, 4 women; mean [+/-SD] age 54 +/- 10 years) with a first infarction (18 anterior, 20 inferior). The maximal potential QRS score (QRS(0)) was assigned to all leads with greater than or equal to 100-mu V ST elevation on the initial EGG. The QRS scores were calculated at 7 and 30 days after infarction. Left ventricular ejection fraction,vas measured by radionuclide ventriculography at 1 month. Twenty eight patients had thallium (TI) 201 and technetium (Tc)-99m pyrophosphate tomographic measurement of the ischemic region and infarct size. Results. The QRS(0) was 10.3 +/- 3.1 (mean +/- SD) for anterior and 10.4 +/- 3.5 for inferior infarcts. The QRS scores were similar at 7 and 30 days for both anterior (5.6 +/- 3.4 vs, 5.5 +/- 3.4) and inferior infarcts (3.7 +/- 2.6 vs. 2.9 +/- 2.2). The day 7 QRS score and ejection fraction at 1 month were inversely correlated (r = -0.74, p < 0.01). The Tl-201 perfusion defect was 34 +/- 11% of the left ventricle for anterior and 32 +/- 7% for inferior infarcts. Subsequent Tc-99m pyrophosphate infarct size was 15 +/- 9% of the left ventricle for anterior and 17 +/- 9% for inferior infarcts. The QRS(0) was correlated with the extent of the Tl-201 perfusion defect (r = 0.79, p < 0.001), and the day 7 QRS score was correlated with Tc-99m pyrophosphate infarct size (r = 0.79, p < 0.005). Conclusions. The 32-point QRS score can provide useful immediate measurements of the ischemic risk region and subsequent infarct size.