北京市近二十年景观破碎化格局的时空变化

被引:67
作者
付刚 [1 ,2 ]
肖能文 [2 ]
乔梦萍 [1 ]
齐月 [2 ]
闫冰 [2 ]
刘高慧 [2 ]
高晓奇 [2 ]
李俊生 [2 ]
机构
[1] 中国人民大学环境学院
[2] 中国环境科学研究院
关键词
城市化; 异质性; 景观破碎化; 空间主成分分析; 移动窗口法;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
P901 [景观学、区域论];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
基于1993—2013年3期时间序列的遥感影像获得的一、二级景观类型的土地覆盖数据,利用移动窗口法和空间主成分分析法研究景观破碎度空间分布格局和破碎化过程。结果表明:北京市正处于快速城市化阶段,20年间其建设用地面积增加了1000.8 km2,增长47.14%,而耕地面积减少21.86%;全市破碎化程度增加,其中,景观斑块总数增加了15.26%,而景观斑块的平均面积缩小了15.35%,景观形状指数(LSI)从88.426增加到98.897;北京市景观破碎化格局的空间异质性较大,但没有方向性偏好,却表现了"两极化"发展趋势,其中,高破碎化区域和低破碎化区域的面积增加,中等破碎化的区域面积减少,核心大城区和山区的景观破碎度降低,而新兴城区和郊区的景观破碎度增大;北京市景观破碎化格局的距离效应显著,呈现倒"U"型二次函数关系,其中,2013年的破碎度距离函数为:Y3=0.1767+0.02898X3-0.0005167X32,距城市中心20—35 km处的城郊交错区景观破碎化程度最高。景观破碎化格局的分析有助于了解大城市快速发展阶段的景观格局演变规律,为城市生物多样性保护、绿地廊道维护和生态文明城市建设提供理论依据。
引用
收藏
页码:2551 / 2562
页数:12
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