ELECTROLYTE AND MICELLAR EFFECTS UPON REACTION OF 2,4-DINITROFLUOROBENZENE WITH HYDROXIDE ION

被引：79

作者：

BUNTON, CA

ROBINSON, L

机构：

[1] Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara

来源：

JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY | 1969年 / 34卷 / 04期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1021/jo01256a003

中图分类号：

O62 [有机化学];

学科分类号：

070303 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

The electrolyte effects upon the rate ofreaction between hydroxide ion and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene in water can be separated into effects upon the activity coefficient of the organic substrate and the relative activity coefficients of the hydroxide ion and the transition state; for example, large cations, e.g., (CH3)4N+, stabilize the transition state relative to the hydroxide ion. Cationic micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide catalyze the reaction strongly but anionic micellesof sodium lauryl sulfate retard it, and nonionic micelles have almost no effect. With cationic micelles there is a rate maximum at a detergent concentration of ca. 0.025 M. The cationic micelle decreases the activation enthalpy. © 1969, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：780 / &

共 45 条

[1] On the reactions of both the ions and molecules of acids, bases and salts - A reinterpretation of the reactions of sodium methylate and sodium ethylate with 1,2-dinitrobenzene, 1,2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and 1,2,4-dinitrobromobenzene - [Twenty-second communication on catalysis] [J].