Estimates were made of the rates of DNA chain growth in five kinds of mammalian cells, using an adaptation of a previously published method (Painter, Jermany & Rasmussen, 1966). These rates vary relatively little from one cell type to another even though the times required for these cells completely to replicate their DNA vary considerably. Therefore, the over-all rate of mammalian cell DNA synthesis appears to be regulated primarily by the number of replicons in operation, and is only slightly, if at all, affected by differences in rate of chain growth along replicons. © 1969.