Innovation and control in the multinational firm: A comparison of political and contingency approaches

This study focuses on control mechanisms used by multinational corporations (MNCs) to manage their extra-national R&D units. Drawing on both the literature on organizational power and contingency theory, this study develops and empirically tests a set of hypotheses aimed at explaining how headquarters control their overseas R&D units. Data collected from 134 R&D units of German MNCs serve to test the hypotheses. Results highlight the importance of the units' R&D mandate and its interdependence in explaining control mechanisms. Moreover, the), indicate a relatively weak predictive power of political approaches compared to contingency approaches. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.