A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF FAMILY MIGRATION AND THE GENDER GAP IN EARNINGS IN THE UNITED STATES AND GREAT BRITAIN

This article uses longitudinal data,for, the United States and Great Britain to examine the impact of residential mobility, and childbirth oil the earnings of women, their family, earnings, and the related division of earnings by gender. This project is the first to compare explicitly the impact of childbirth and family migration oil women., earnings. and it extends prior cross sectional and longitudinal studies oil isolated countries by providing a direct contrast between two major using comparable measures. The results indicate that families respond in similar ways in both countries to migration and childbirth. In response to both migration and childbirth, women's earnings fall at the time of the event and recover slowly afterward, but the magnitude of the impact is roughly twice as large for childbirth as for migration. However, migration-but not the birth of a child is also associated with a significant increase in total family, earnings because of increased husbands' earnings. As a result, the effect of migration on the relative earnings of wives to husbands is similar to the effect of childbirth. These results suggest that family migration should he given consideration in the literature on the gender earnings gap.