NMR solution structure of complement-like repeat CR3 from the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein -: Evidence for specific binding to the receptor binding domain of human α2-macroglobulin

We have used NMR methods to determine the structure of the calcium complex of complement-like repeat 3 (CR3) from the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) and to examine its specific interaction with the receptor binding domain of human alpha(2)-macroglobulin. CR3 is one of eight related repeats that constitute a major ligand binding region of LRP. The structure is very similar in overall fold to homologous complement-like repeat CR8 from LRP and complement-like repeats LB1, LB2, and LB5 from the low density lipoprotein receptor and contains a short two-strand antiparallel beta-sheet, a one turn alpha-helix, and a high affinity calcium site with coordination from four carboxyls and two backbone carbonyls, The surface electrostatics and topography are, however, quite distinct from each of these other repeats. Two-dimensional H-1,N-15-heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectra provide evidence for a specific, though relatively weak (K-d similar to 140 mu M), interaction between CR3 and human alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor binding domain that involves a contiguous patch of surface residues in the central region of CR3. This specific interaction is consistent with a mode of LRP binding to ligands that uses contributions from more than one domain to generate a wide array of different binding sites, each with overall high affinity.