Assessment of ecosystem services as an opportunity for the conservation and management of native forests in Chile

被引:147
作者
Lara, A. [1 ]
Little, C. [2 ]
Urrutia, R.
McPhee, J. [3 ]
Alvarez-Garreton, C. [3 ]
Oyarzun, C. [4 ]
Soto, D.
Donoso, P. [1 ]
Nahuelhual, L. [5 ]
Pino, M. [4 ]
Arismendi, I. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Austral Chile, Inst Silvicultura, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Valdivia, Chile
[2] Univ Austral Chile, Escola Grad, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Valdivia, Chile
[3] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Fis & Matemat, Dept Ingn Civil, Santiago, Chile
[4] Univ Austral Chile, Inst Geociencias, Fac Ciencias, Valdivia, Chile
[5] Univ Austral Chile, Inst Econ Agr, Fac Ciencias Agr, Valdivia, Chile
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Ecosystem services; Streamflow; Water supply; Recreational fishing; Forest policy; Valdivian Rainforest Ecoregion; Climatic change mitigation; SOUTHERN CHILE; WATER YIELD; RAIN-FOREST; PLANTATIONS; TROUT; SALMON; AFFORESTATION; STREAMFLOW; RESPONSES; AMERICA;
D O I
10.1016/j.foreco.2009.01.004
中图分类号
S7 [林业];
学科分类号
0829 ; 0907 ;
摘要
This paper quantifies two important native forest ecosystem services in southern Chile: water supply and recreational fishing opportunities. We analyzed streamflow in relation to forest cover in six watersheds located in the Valdivian Coastal Range (39 degrees 50'-40 degrees 05'S), the effect of forest management on streamflow in two watersheds in the Valdivian Andes (600-650 m of elevation; 39 degrees 37'S), and fish abundance as a function of forest cover in 17 watersheds located in the Coastal Range and the Central Depression (39 degrees 50'-42 degrees 30'S). We found that the annual direct runoff coefficient (quickflow/precipitation) and total streamflow/precipitation in the dry summer season were positively correlated with native forest cover in the watershed (R-2 = 0.67 and 0.76; *P = 0.045 and 0.027, respectively) during four years of observations. Conversely, a negative correlation was found between summer runoff coefficients (total streamflow/precipitation) and cover of Eucalyptus spp. and Pinus radiata plantations (R-2 = 0.84; *P = 0.010). We estimated a mean increase of 14.1% in total summer streamflow for every 10% increase in native forest cover in the watershed. The analysis of streamflow changes between two paired watersheds dominated by native secondary Nothofagus stands, one thinned with 35% of basal area removal and a control, showed that the former had a 40% increase during summer (four years of observations). The best correlation between fish abundance and forest cover was found between trout abundance (%) and secondary native forest area in 1000 m x 60 m stream buffers (R2 = 0.65, ***P < 0.0001). We estimated a 14.6% increase in trout abundance for every 10% increase of native forest cover in these buffers. Similar approaches to quantify forest ecosystem services could be used elsewhere and provide useful information for policy and decision-making regarding forest conservation and management. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:415 / 424
页数:10
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