Diminishing marginal utility of income? Caveat emptor

被引:100
作者
Easterlin, RA [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ So Calif, Coll Letters Arts & Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
关键词
Marginal Utility; Caveat Emptor;
D O I
10.1007/s11205-004-8393-4
中图分类号
C [社会科学总论];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ;
摘要
[T]he income and happiness relationship is...curvilinear... with a decreasing marginal utility for higher levels of income....(Diener, Sandvik, Seidlitz, and Diener, 1993, p. 204; cf. also Diener and Biswas-Diener, 2002, p. 119) [W]e not only see a clear positive relationship [between happiness and GNP per capita], but also a curvilinear pattern; which suggest that wealth is subject to a law of diminishing happiness returns (Veenhoven, 199 1, p. 10; cf. also 1989, pp. 15-18; 1993, p. 127). Comparing across countries, it is true that income and happiness are positively related and that the marginal utility falls with higher income. Higher income clearly raises happiness in developing countries, while the effect is only small, if it exists at all, in rich countries (Frey and Stutzer, 2002a, p. 90). The early phases of economic development [as measured by GNP per capita] seem to produce a big return... in terms of human happiness. But the return levels off...Economic development eventually reaches a point of diminishing returns...in terms of human happiness. (Inglehart, 2000, p. 219; cf. also 1997, p. 61).
引用
收藏
页码:243 / 255
页数:13
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