Substantial convection and precipitation enhancements by ultrafine aerosol particles

被引：337

作者：

Fan, Jiwen ^{[1
]}

Rosenfeld, Daniel ^{[2
]}

Zhang, Yuwei ^{[1
,3
,4
]}

Giangrande, Scott E. ^{[5
,8
]}

Li, Zhanqing ^{[3
,4
,6
]}

Machado, Luiz A. T. ^{[7
]}

Martin, Scot T. ^{[9
]}

Yang, Yan ^{[1
,10
]}

Wang, Jian ^{[5
]}

Artaxo, Paulo ^{[11
]}

Barbosa, Henrique M. J. ^{[11
,12
]}

Braga, Ramon C. ^{[7
]}

Comstock, Jennifer M. ^{[1
]}

Feng, Zhe ^{[1
]}

Gao, Wenhua ^{[1
,13
]}

Gomes, Helber B. ^{[14
]}

Mei, Fan ^{[1
]}

Poehlker, Christopher ^{[15
]}

Poehlker, Mira L. ^{[15
]}

Poeschl, Ulrich ^{[15
,16
,17
]}

de Souza, Rodrigo A. F. ^{[18
]}

机构：

[1] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA

[2] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel

[3] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[4] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[5] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Environm & Climate Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA

[6] Beijing Normal Univ, GCESS, State Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing, Peoples R China

[7] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Ctr Previsao Tempo & Estudos Climat, Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil

[8] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[9] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[10] Beijing Municipal Weather Modificat Off, Beijing 100089, Peoples R China

[11] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Rua Matao 1371, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[12] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA

[13] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100086, Peoples R China

[14] Univ Fed Alagoas, Inst Atmospher Sci, Atmospher & Climate Dynam Lab, Maceio, Brazil

[15] Max Planck Inst Chem, Multiphase Chem Dept, D-55020 Mainz, Germany

[16] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, D-55020 Mainz, Germany

[17] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, D-55122 Mainz, Germany

[18] Amazonas State Univ UEA, Sch Technol, Dept Meteorol, Manaus, AM, Brazil

来源：

SCIENCE | 2018年 / 359卷 / 6374期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 巴西圣保罗研究基金会;

关键词：

AMAZON RAIN-FOREST; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; MICROPHYSICAL PROCESSES; VERTICAL VELOCITY; PART I; CLOUDS; INVIGORATION; IMPACTS; MODEL; POLLUTION;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aan8461

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Aerosol-cloud interactions remain the largest uncertainty in climate projections. Ultrafine aerosol particles smaller than 50 nanometers (UAP(<50)) can be abundant in the troposphere but are conventionally considered too small to affect cloud formation. Observational evidence and numerical simulations of deep convective clouds (DCCs) over the Amazon show that DCCs forming in a low-aerosol environment can develop very large vapor supersaturation because fast droplet coalescence reduces integrated droplet surface area and subsequent condensation. UAP(<50) from pollution plumes that are ingested into such clouds can be activated to form additional cloud droplets on which excess supersaturation condenses and forms additional cloud water and latent heating, thus intensifying convective strength. This mechanism suggests a strong anthropogenic invigoration of DCCs in previously pristine regions of the world.

引用

页码：411 / +

页数：8

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