Primary energy and greenhouse gases embodied in Australian final consumption: an input-output analysis

Input-output modeling of primary energy and greenhouse gas embodiments in goods and services is a useful technique for designing greenhouse gas abatement policies. The present paper describes direct and indirect primary energy and greenhouse gas requirements for a given set of Australian final consumption. It considers sectoral disparities in energy prices, capital formation and international trade flows and it accounts for embodiments in the Gross National Expenditure as well as the Gross Domestic Product. Primary energy and greenhouse gas intensities in terms of MJ/$ and kg CO2-e/$ are reported, as well as national balances of primary energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.