Classification of stationary phases and other materials by gas chromatography

The origin and evolution of solute descriptors for use in the solvation parameter model applied to the classification of stationary phases and other materials by gas chromatography are described. The model system constants provide a breakdown of solute-stationary phase interactions in terms of the contribution to retention of cavity formation and dispersion interactions, lone-pair electron interactions, interactions of a dipole-type, and hydrogen-bonding interactions. The solvation properties of additional stationary phases with useful complementary selectivity to existing phases for method development in gas chromatography are identified. The influence of temperature on system selectivity and stationary phase classification is discussed. The contribution of interfacial adsorption to the estimation of retention in method development in gas chromatography is outlined. In addition, for materials characterization, it is shown that the solvation parameter model provides a conceptual mechanism for the evaluation of the sorption properties of a wide range of materials compatible with the operation characteristics of gas chromatography. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.