New to the game and questioning the rules: The experiences and beliefs of founders who start imitative versus innovative firms

This paper examines how founders' work experiences and beliefs about an industry's prevailing practices influence the degree of novelty exhibited by their firms. Our results indicate that extensive experience in the core of an organizational field constrains individuals into acting as "imitative entrepreneurs," essentially reproducing established routines even if they question their legitimacy. In contrast, founders with greater experience in the field's periphery are more likely to act as "innovative entrepreneurs," as are those who more strongly question the ethicality of prevailing practices. Doubts about the functionality of established routines are not sufficient, on their own, to provoke acts of innovative entrepreneurship. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.