Congestion, pollution, and benefit-to-cost ratios of US public transit systems

被引：38

作者：

Harford, JD ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Cleveland State Univ, Dept Econ, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA

来源：

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT | 2006年 / 11卷 / 01期

关键词：

public transit; benefit-cost analysis; congestion; pollution;

D O I：

10.1016/j.trd.2005.09.001

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

This paper presents a broad set of benefit-cost analyses of the public transit systems of 81 urbanized areas. The calculated sources of benefits are to riders and the reduction of congestion costs. Other sources of benefits are shown to be quite small. Costs are calculated based upon operating costs and adjustment factors to account for capital costs and the excess burden of taxes used to support public transit. For the medium estimates the aggregate benefit-cost ratio is 1.34. Only 23 of the urbanized areas have a benefit-cost ratio of one or greater for the medium estimates, but these were mainly the largest in population and transit use. Even for the high estimates, the benefit-cost ratio was less than one for almost half the areas considered. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：45 / 58

页数：14