世界各国结构转型差异(1985-2015):模式、原因和寓意

被引:9
作者
阿德里安·伍德
顾思蒋
夏庆杰
机构
[1] 牛津大学国际发展系
关键词
结构变化; 工业化; 全球化; 赫克雪尔-俄林; 要素禀赋;
D O I
10.19523/j.jjkx.2017.01.001
中图分类号
F113 [世界经济问题];
学科分类号
020206 ; 030206 ; 1407 ; 020202 ;
摘要
在1985-2015年期间,全球化加深了与要素禀赋相关的部门专门化模式。在技术力量充足的发达国家,制造业变得更为技术密集化。在土地稀缺的东亚发展中国家,尤其是中国,劳动密集型的制造业得到扩张。在土地充足的发展中地区,制造业却陷入停滞甚至衰退;然而,在土地稀缺的南亚地区,制造业的发展受到低识字率、薄弱基础设施的拖累。在大多数国家,服务部门在产出和就业中所占的比重增加,但主要原因却并非全球化。未来数十年部门结构的变化受到许多不确定性的影响,但大体趋势会继续由各国土地存量和技术供给之间的差异来塑造。
引用
收藏
页码:5 / 31
页数:27
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