人力资本回报率变化与收入差距:“马太效应”及其政策含义

被引:322
作者
张车伟
机构
[1] 中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所
关键词
教育回报率; 收入差距; 马太效应;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
F124.7 [国民收入、国民财富]; F224 [经济数学方法];
学科分类号
0201 ; 020105 ; 0701 ; 070104 ;
摘要
在分析人力资本回报率变化对收入差距影响的基础上,本文运用抽样调查数据估计了教育回报率及其随教育程度和收入水平的变化。结果发现,中国目前的教育回报率仍然不高,总体来看,每增加1年教育,个人收入会增加4.34%;同时,教育回报率还展现出随收入水平增加而增加的趋势,最高95%收入者的教育回报率是最低5%收入者的2倍多。教育回报率变化的“马太效应”意味着收入差距不断扩大是市场失败的产物,在这种情况下,要缩小收入差距,人力资本投资必须更多地向穷人倾斜。
引用
收藏
页码:59 / 70
页数:12
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