“精神贫困”现象的实质是个体失灵——来自行为科学的视角

被引:107
作者
杭承政
胡鞍钢
机构
[1] 清华大学
关键词
精神贫困; 个体失灵; 精神扶贫; 精准扶贫;
D O I
10.14063/j.cnki.1008-9314.2017.04.016
中图分类号
D64 [思想政治教育和精神文明建设];
学科分类号
0305 ; 030505 ;
摘要
"精神贫困"描述的是贫困人口因为主观因素而影响脱贫的现象。本文通过心理学、行为经济学的角度对于"精神贫困"进行了定义和分析。我们将"精神贫困"限定为贫困人口志向缺乏、信念消极和行为决策非理性的行为表现,其本质是个体失灵,具体来说是志向失灵和行为失灵的结果。对于"精神贫困"的干预就是要采取行为政策使"缺志"转为"有志",使非理性变为理性。干预的核心在于对于微观个体的关注和重视。由此,我们提出建构政府、市场、社会、个体四元的治理体系和公共政策分析,尤其要做到精准化的社会治理,引入创新的和超常规的靶向性公共政策工具,促进国家治理的进一步现代化。
引用
收藏
页码:97 / 103+147 +147
页数:8
相关论文
共 13 条
[1]  
更好推进精准扶贫精准脱贫 确保如期实现脱贫攻坚目标.[N]..人民日报.2017,
[2]  
扶贫,看“数”更要看“户”.[N].况昌勋;程范淦;李若希;.海南日报.2016,
[3]   Poverty and Aspirations Failure [J].
Dalton, Patricio S. ;
Ghosal, Sayantan ;
Mani, Anandi .
ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 2016, 126 (590) :165-188
[4]   Behavioral Economics and Public Policy: A Pragmatic Perspective [J].
Chetty, Raj .
AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, 2015, 105 (05) :1-33
[5]   WILLPOWER AND THE OPTIMAL CONTROL OF VISCERAL URGES [J].
Ozdenoren, Emre ;
Salant, Stephen W. ;
Silverman, Dan .
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION, 2012, 10 (02) :342-368
[6]   Psychological and Behavioral Traits in Smokers and Their Relationship with Nicotine Dependence Level [J].
Rezvanfard, Mehrnaz ;
Ekhtiari, Hamed ;
Mokri, Azarakhsh ;
Djavid, Gholamreza Esmaeeli ;
Kaviani, Hossein .
ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE, 2010, 13 (05) :395-405
[7]   PERSUASION AS GOVERNANCE: A STATE-CENTRIC RELATIONAL PERSPECTIVE [J].
Bell, Stephen ;
Hindmoor, Andrew ;
Mols, Frank .
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, 2010, 88 (03) :851-870
[8]   Reference-Dependent Consumption Plans [J].
Koszegi, Botond ;
Rabin, Matthew .
AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, 2009, 99 (03) :909-936
[9]   PERCEIVED STIGMA OF POVERTY AND DEPRESSION: EXAMINATION OF INTERPERSONAL AND INTRAPERSONAL MEDIATORS [J].
Mickelson, Kristin D. ;
Williams, Stacey L. .
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 2008, 27 (09) :903-930
[10]   Social class is dead. Long live social class! Stereotype threat among low socioeconomic status individuals [J].
Spencer B. ;
Castano E. .
Social Justice Research, 2007, 20 (4) :418-432