关于收入差别倒U曲线及两极分化研究中的几个方法问题

The “theory of market transformation” has the following four outstanding features: 1. It focuses mainly on the structural features of official organizations and systems; 2. Structural features are studied mainly through large scale of questionnaire surveys; 3. The theoretical angle is top down; and 4. The countries undergoing market transformation studied by the Budapest School are mostly in East Europe, especially Hungary. In these societies, market transformation goes hand in hand with breakdown of the state system. This paper tries to propose a research approach to “analyses of practical process of market transformation” based on empirical studies of market transformation in China. This research approach focuses on specific practical process of market transformation, and tries to reach a new understanding of market transformation through studies of its process, mechanisms, techniques and logic. In methodology this approach attaches more importance to in depth case studies, sees the daily life as a stage of two interactive forces upward force and downward forces and synthesizes the mutually opposite “top down” and “bottom up” perspectives.