从人道主义到公民权利——现代社会福利政治道德观念的历史演变

It is an important change that modern social welfare turns from humanism to the civil rights for political and moral idea, which makes social welfare not only the need of ordinary morality,but also a political and moral claim. It turns welfare into a right for those poor people,the help they receive from the state or other people is regarded as a responsibility of the government and the collectives, and the welfare is no longer a charity for sympathy or pity. The idea on civil rights makes social welfare a sovereign goal for social equality and justice. It will help reforming Chinese system of welfare by researching what change happened on the idea of polity and morality of welfare in theories and practice.