PERSONALITY ANTECEDENTS OF DEPRESSIVE TENDENCIES IN 18-YEAR-OLDS - A PROSPECTIVE-STUDY

被引:159
作者
BLOCK, JH [1 ]
BLOCK, JH [1 ]
GJERDE, PF [1 ]
机构
[1] UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, BOARD STUDIES PSYCHOL, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0022-3514.60.5.726
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Antecedents of depressive tendencies at age 18 were longitudinally evaluated using data from nursery school through high school. Depression was measured by CES-D scores from which the contribution of self-reported anxiety was partialed. As early as age 7, boys who subsequently acknowledged dysthymia were aggressive, self-aggrandizing, and undercontrolled whereas girls with later depressive tendencies were intropunitive, oversocialized, and overcontrolling. Similar gender differences were observed in pre- and early adolescence. At age 14, dysthymic boys were more likely to use both marijuana and harder drugs whereas dysthymic girls showed no tendency to use marijuana but did show a marked tendency to experiment with hard drugs. These girls also displayed low self-esteem. Preschool IQ correlated positively with dysthymia in girls and negatively in boys. The psychodynamics of gender differences in depressive affect were discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:726 / 738
页数:13
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